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Academic Service Learning: Environmental Conservation

      Environmental conservation has a long and evolving history which continues today when it is more important than ever. It developed through several ideologies, most prominently being Romanticism, which was founded in Europe. This ideology placed a lot of emphasis on nature and influenced people to appreciate it for its beauty. Then, the Industrial Revolution took place in Britain and eventually the United States. During the Industrial Revolution, factories continuously polluted air and water without any regulations. Early conservation groups began to appear to prevent the future destruction of the environment and its wildlife. At the turn of the 20th century, the environmental movement reached North America when John Muir convinced the U.S. Congress to create the Yosemite National Park and preserve the valley (Gwozd). In the early 20th century, the National Park Service was founded in the U.S. to support the growing environmental movement. Over time, environmental laws and government agencies began to appear all over the world, which had a huge benefit. For example, the destruction of marshes, bogs, and other wetlands was cut by 80 percent at the close of the 1900s due to federal laws and conservation programs protecting such areas from developers, farmers, and loggers (The Washington Post). Wetlands provide valuable habitat for birds and animals and help control flooding as well. This especially furthered post World War II, when many writings were published that influenced the conversation of the environment. An especially influential one was written by Rachel Carson, who exposed the harmful and dangerous effects of the pesticide DDT. This led to the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency in 1970 and DDT was banned two years later. Conservation advocates began to interact more with politicians and the public to push for further legislation and make meaningful action (Hill). Such legislation included requiring companies to notify what chemicals they use in manufacturing, being fined if they do not comply, imposing stricter controls on bulk storage of toxic wastes, or forbidding certain chemical wastes to be dumped in landfills (Chira). The United Nations began to have conferences on the environment, as a growing awareness of global warming pushed the movement further into the spotlight. There has also been an increased emphasis on evaluating and preventing the threat of dangerous chemical vapors rising into homes and businesses from contaminated soil and water. In New York, the State of Department of Environmental Conservation made plans and set priorities to investigate 400 hazardous waste sites, and were urged to “adopt the strictest guidelines that are out there and to agree to any requests for tests of indoor air by any resident living near a contaminated site with possible vapor intrusion” (Rather). Currently, I think it is fair to say that the biggest issue worrying the public is global warming, in addition to the widespread wildfires across California and Australia that we have seen just this year. The global average surface temperature has increased, which is leading to issues such as melting glaciers forcing animals to lose their home habitats or increased drought in many regions throughout the world. With such a constantly changing history, it is so important that the environmental conservation movement is kept alive and continues to push for change. 

Works Cited

Chira, Susan "State Officials and Environmentalists Assess the Problems of Toxic Wastes." New York Times (1923-Current file), 

      Jun 18, 1983, pp. 26. ProQuest, https://search-proquest-com.jerome.stjohns.edu/docview/122174909?accountid=14068.

Gzwod, Matt. "A Brief History on Enviornmentalism." The Green Medium, The Green Medium, 2 Sept. 2015,

      www.thegreenmedium.com/blog/2015/9/2/a-brief-history-on-environmentalism. 

Hill, Gladwin. Special to The New York Times. "3 Legislative Experts on Conservation List 10 Ways for Citizens to Win

      Environmental Battles." New York Times (1923-Current file), Feb 02, 1970, pp. 11. ProQuest, https://search-proquest-       

      com.jerome.stjohns.edu/docview/118702060?accountid=14068.

Rather, John. "State Checking Dozens of Sites for Hidden Contaminants." New York Times (1923-Current file), Feb 05, 2006,

      pp. 2. ProQuest, https://search-proquest-com.jerome.stjohns.edu/docview/93257630?accountid=14068.

"Wetlands Losses Cut 80% in Decade, Report Says: Fish and Wildlife Service Credits Laws and Conservation Programs, Cites

     Environmental Benefits." The Washington Post (1974-Current file), Jan 14, 2001, pp. 1. ProQuest, https://search-proquest-

     com.jerome.stjohns.edu/docview/1969816065?accountid=14068.

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      For my ASL experience, I took part in three projects. The first project was called “Every Name Counts”. This was the most important of the three to me as it related to me personally as a Jew. This project displayed to me documents of prisoners and ultimate victims taken by the Nazi Party during World War II. The documents display their names, family members, occupations, religion, nationality, and how they were imprisoned. Not all the documents were those of Jews, as there were also many Roman Catholics but as we know, six million Jews were murdered during the War. I had to transfer these details into a “typed format” so they can be digitized. This project helps ensure that these millions of names can be easily found in an online archive, a similar idea to the Hart Island Project. It allows easier access to information for the descendants of these victims, reunite descendants of families that were torn apart during this time, and helps to acknowledge each and every name when there are millions that need to be remembered. I do not personally have any relatives that are either Holocaust survivors or victims, but I have met many that do and heard from survivors first-hand. If we don’t want history to repeat itself, steps such as this need to be taken so we learn from the past’s atrocities and prevent them from happening again. I always try to carefully listen to their stories, remember them so I can pass them on to future generations, and continue the goal of remembering as many families as possible. 

 

      The second project I took part in was called “Penguin Watch”. Penguin populations are under threat worldwide and are already in decline in many regions. I am given different camera images of a group of penguins in a specific environment. Later, I was shown the same environment but at a different time. The task was to mark each picture with the number of adult penguins, chicks, eggs, or other animals that I saw in each picture. This data can help exhibit the changes in the population of penguins in each environment, and possibly why that is occurring. Changes in a penguin’s population can reflect changes occurring in the wider ecosystem as well. Penguins in addition to all seabirds are used to detect early warning of risks to key ecosystems and the effects that humans have, as they are key to the marine environment. The population of these animals is declining worldwide due to climate change, pollution, and human interference. Penguins in different environments will be affected by different threats, but this data helps to better monitor, understand, and protect these species to some extent. For example, Antarctica is facing a growing concern from the effects of climate change, as it has been rapidly warming which results in the melting of shelves of ice. This data can then be used to help inform policy changes that are needed throughout the world to prevent the complete extinction of penguins and other species. Even small steps such as this can result in changes on a bigger scale, so I hope I can participate in more data collecting projects with other animals and raise awareness on these issues that need to be repaired imminently. 

 

      The last project that interested me was “Galaxy Zoo”. In this project, real telescopic images of galaxies were displayed, and I had to answer questions on these images based on each galaxy’s size, shape, and any other features that were seen interacting with or around the galaxy. There are so many galaxies both near and far, and projects such as these are attempting to help further understand how they interact with their surroundings and what galaxies can tell us about the past, present, and future of the universe in general. For example, if a galaxy has a spiral shape, it shows that there is a rotating disk of stars, or if it looks like a big ball of stars, it shows that there has been a previous collision between smaller galaxies over long periods of time. The universe is so vast and incredible to me, and I chose this project to learn some more about the incredible things that are miles and miles away from us here on earth. Some of the features of the universe are so difficult to comprehend to us as of now, so I hope with projects such as these and collecting more data about parts of the universe we have already seen or learned about, can result in better understandings of what is out there and how it functions, because to me it is such an interesting concept to think about.

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